Hour 1:

• Identify the requirements to become a National Registry Certified Medical Examiner
• Report Completed CDL Exams to the National Registry
• Obtain a CLIA Certificate of Waiver
• Specify Commercial Driving Licenses, vehicles, commerce, standards and medical guidance requirements and definitions

Hour 2:

• Summarize the Medical Examiner Role and Responsibilities
• Assist Drivers in filling out the driver portions of the Medical Exam Report Form
• Complete and review the Medical Exam Report Form
• Issue a Medical Examiner’s Certificate

Hour 3:

• Review medication use by drivers
• Assess driver general health and wellness factors and medical condition health risk
• Perform the physical examination of a driver of commercial vehicles
• Evaluate Vision disorders related to driving a commercial vehicle

Hour 1:

• Identify the requirements to become a National Registry Certified Medical Examiner
• Report Completed CDL Exams to the National Registry
• Obtain a CLIA Certificate of Waiver
• Specify Commercial Driving Licenses, vehicles, commerce, standards and medical guidance requirements and definitions

Hour 2:

• Summarize the Medical Examiner Role and Responsibilities
• Assist Drivers in filling out the driver portions of the Medical Exam Report Form
• Complete and review the Medical Exam Report Form
• Issue a Medical Examiner’s Certificate

Hour 3:

• Review medication use by drivers
• Assess driver general health and wellness factors and medical condition health risk
• Perform the physical examination of a driver of commercial vehicles
• Evaluate Vision disorders related to driving a commercial vehicle

Hour 4:

• Calculate ANSI, ISO, and Whisper hearing testing values
• Perform external and otoscopic evaluation related to driving requirements
• Appraise driver ear disorders that affect safe driving
• Evaluate drivers with hypertension for driving a commercial vehicle

Hour 5

• Perform the cardiovascular examination for drivers
• Assess cardiovascular disease in drivers of commercial vehicles
• Determine acceptable cardiovascular safe driving risk for drivers
• Assign medical certificate duration for drivers with cardiovascular disease

Hour 6:

• Evaluate drivers with Cardiac Arrhythmias, pacemakers, implanted defibrillators
• Recall driving requirements for arrhythmias, syncope, transplants
• Distinguish cardiovascular medication effects that are a risk to safe driving
• Determine driving status and duration for safe driving

Hour 7:

• Apply Respiratory guidance for drivers with respiratory disease
• Conduct the respiratory and sleep apnea exam and evaluation
• Determine which drives must be tested and treated for OSA
• Assess Obstructive Sleep Apnea safety risk in drivers

Hour 8:

• Assess the drivers neurological history
• Determine neurological driving safety risk according to FMCSA guidance
• Explain severity’s affect on driving status from cerebrovascular, head trauma and spinal cord injuries on driving status
• Assess driver eligibility for a Federal Seizure disorder exemption.

Hour 9:

• Appraise diabetes in drivers of commercial vehicles
• Determine driving status and duration according to FMCSA guidance for drivers with diabetes
• Evaluate risk to safe driving for drivers with other endocrine disorders and other diseases without specific FMCSA guidelines in drivers
• Recall classifications of hypoglycemic medications and their impact on safe driving

Hour 10:

• Differentiate between psychological disorders affecting drivers
• Identify medical treatment and therapy for psychological disorders
• Recall disqualifying psychological disorders for drivers of commercial vehicles
• Appraise medications for psychological disorders for safe driving risk

Hour 11:

• Discuss the FMCSA musculoskeletal standard and guidelines
• Determine those drivers eligible for a Special Performance Examination
• Apply the FMCSA Drug and Alcohol testing to drivers and motor carriers
• Asses drivers to refer for substance abuse professional evaluation

Hour 12:

• Review FMCSA provided practice scenarios
• Derive FMCSA evaluation procedure as provided in practice scenarios
• Apply FMCSA evaluation concepts to drivers as contained in FMCSA practice scenarios
• Prepare for the FMCSA Certification Test

• Identify the requirements to become a National Registry Certified Medical Examiner
• Report Completed CDL Exams to the National Registry
• Obtain a CLIA Certificate of Waiver
• Specify Commercial Driving Licenses, vehicles, commerce, standards and medical guidance requirements and definitions

• Summarize the Medical Examiner Role and Responsibilities
• Assist Drivers in filling out the driver portions of the Medical Exam Report Form
• Complete and review the Medical Exam Report Form
• Issue a Medical Examiner’s Certificate

• Review medication use by drivers
• Assess driver general health and wellness factors and medical condition health risk
• Perform the physical examination of a driver of commercial vehicles
• Evaluate Vision disorders related to driving a commercial vehicle

Hour 1:

• Calculate ANSI, ISO, and Whisper hearing testing values
• Perform external and otoscopic evaluation related to driving requirements
• Appraise driver ear disorders that affect safe driving
• Evaluate drivers with hypertension for driving a commercial vehicle

Hour 2:

• Perform the cardiovascular examination for drivers
• Assess cardiovascular disease in drivers of commercial vehicles
• Determine acceptable cardiovascular safe driving risk for drivers
• Assign medical certificate duration for drivers with cardiovascular disease

Hour 3:

• Evaluate drivers with Cardiac Arrhythmias, pacemakers, implanted defibrillators
• Recall driving requirements for arrhythmias, syncope, transplants
• Distinguish cardiovascular medication effects that are a risk to safe driving
• Determine driving status and duration for safe driving

• Calculate ANSI, ISO, and Whisper hearing testing values
• Perform external and otoscopic evaluation related to driving requirements
• Appraise driver ear disorders that affect safe driving
• Evaluate drivers with hypertension for driving a commercial vehicle

• Perform the cardiovascular examination for drivers
• Assess cardiovascular disease in drivers of commercial vehicles
• Determine acceptable cardiovascular safe driving risk for drivers
• Assign medical certificate duration for drivers with cardiovascular disease

• Evaluate drivers with Cardiac Arrhythmias, pacemakers, implanted defibrillators
• Recall driving requirements for arrhythmias, syncope, transplants
• Distinguish cardiovascular medication effects that are a risk to safe driving
• Determine driving status and duration for safe driving

Hour 1:

• Apply Respiratory guidance for drivers with respiratory disease
• Conduct the respiratory and sleep apnea exam and evaluation
• Determine which drives must be tested and treated for OSA
• Assess Obstructive Sleep Apnea safety risk in drivers

Hour 2:

• Assess the drivers neurological history
• Determine neurological driving safety risk according to FMCSA guidance
• Explain severity’s affect on driving status from cerebrovascular, head trauma and spinal cord injuries on driving status
• Assess driver eligibility for a Federal Seizure disorder exemption.

Hour 3:

• Appraise diabetes in drivers of commercial vehicles
• Determine driving status and duration according to FMCSA guidance for drivers with diabetes
• Evaluate risk to safe driving for drivers with other endocrine disorders and other diseases without specific FMCSA guidelines in drivers
• Recall classifications of hypoglycemic medications and their impact on safe driving

• Apply Respiratory guidance for drivers with respiratory disease
• Conduct the respiratory and sleep apnea exam and evaluation
• Determine which drives must be tested and treated for OSA
• Assess Obstructive Sleep Apnea safety risk in drivers

• Assess the drivers neurological history
• Determine neurological driving safety risk according to FMCSA guidance
• Explain severity’s affect on driving status from cerebrovascular, head trauma and spinal cord injuries on driving status
• Assess driver eligibility for a Federal Seizure disorder exemption.

• Appraise diabetes in drivers of commercial vehicles
• Determine driving status and duration according to FMCSA guidance for drivers with diabetes
• Evaluate risk to safe driving for drivers with other endocrine disorders and other diseases without specific FMCSA guidelines in drivers
• Recall classifications of hypoglycemic medications and their impact on safe driving

Hour 1:

• Differentiate between psychological disorders affecting drivers
• Identify medical treatment and therapy for psychological disorders
• Recall disqualifying psychological disorders for drivers of commercial vehicles
• Appraise medications for psychological disorders for safe driving risk

Hour 2:

• Discuss the FMCSA musculoskeletal standard and guidelines
• Determine those drivers eligible for a Special Performance Examination
• Apply the FMCSA Drug and Alcohol testing to drivers and motor carriers
• Asses drivers to refer for substance abuse professional evaluation

Hour 3:

• Review FMCSA provided practice scenarios
• Derive FMCSA evaluation procedure as provided in practice scenarios
• Apply FMCSA evaluation concepts to drivers as contained in FMCSA practice scenarios
• Prepare for the FMCSA Certification Test

• Differentiate between psychological disorders affecting drivers
• Identify medical treatment and therapy for psychological disorders
• Recall disqualifying psychological disorders for drivers of commercial vehicles
• Appraise medications for psychological disorders for safe driving risk

• Discuss the FMCSA musculoskeletal standard and guidelines
• Determine those drivers eligible for a Special Performance Examination
• Apply the FMCSA Drug and Alcohol testing to drivers and motor carriers
• Asses drivers to refer for substance abuse professional evaluation

• Review FMCSA provided practice scenarios
• Derive FMCSA evaluation procedure as provided in practice scenarios
• Apply FMCSA evaluation concepts to drivers as contained in FMCSA practice scenarios
• Prepare for the FMCSA Certification Test

• Identify the layers of integument that you are piercing while doing acupuncture
• Compare and contrast the physiological consequences of superficial, medium and deep needling
• Differentiate which depth of needling is appropriate for the desired effect
• Describe the neurological pathways involved with acupuncture needling
• Explain the significance of needle retention time

• Discuss the layers of the skin as related to a practitioner’s perception during acupuncture
• Review the neurological pathways involved with acupuncture
• Summarize the local, segmental and cortical effects of acupuncture
• Contrast the physiological effects of depth of insertion and retention time of acupuncture

• Outline the basics of clean needle technique, including defining “clean field” and offering recommendations as it related to acupuncture
• Discuss the most common methods of sterilization
• Contrast sterilization vs disposable needles
• Present the most common complications of acupuncture
• Discuss contraindications to acupuncture
• Present the most common infectious agents as risk factors for acupuncture

• Explain Universal Precautions
• Prepare a Clean Field for administering acupuncture
• Secure, handle and dispose of Biohazard material, normally encountered in an acupuncture practice
• Recognize, avoid, and handle acupuncture side effects
• Explain the cautions and contraindications of acupuncture treatment

• Define HIV
• Outline HIV epidemiology and symptoms
• Discuss the effects of HIV on health and wellness
• Review current facts about the HIV and AIDS epidemic both in the U.S. and worldwide

• Define HIV
• Outline HIV epidemiology and symptoms
• Discuss the effects of HIV on health and wellness
• Review current facts about the HIV and AIDS epidemic both in the U.S. and worldwide
• Discuss strategies for preventing HIV in the health care workplace
• Outline universal precautions and additional precautions to prevent transmission of HIV by blood
• Apply what to do when there has been a possible exposure to HIV infection
• Define and discuss confidentiality laws covering the medical records of HIV/AIDS patients
• Define and discuss behavioral interventions for HIV/AIDS patients
• Outline the screening of HIV-infected persons for HIV transmission risk

• Discuss strategies for preventing HIV in the health care workplace
• Outline universal precautions and additional precautions to prevent transmission of HIV by blood
• Apply what to do when there has been a possible exposure to HIV infection

• Define and discuss confidentiality laws covering the medical records of HIV/AIDS patients
• Define and discuss behavioral interventions for HIV/AIDS patients
• Outline the screening of HIV-infected persons for HIV transmission risk

• Discuss the salient points of conducting a visual gait analysis
• Review the gait cycle and associated kinetics and kinematics
• Discuss step length, stride length and how they are affected in a case of a person with posterior compartment weakness
• Review the biomechanics associated with heel rise
• Propose rehabilitation strategies for specific cases that were reviewed

• Discuss the pitfall of video assessment of gait cases
• Review the gait cycle with respect to stance phase abnormalities in a gait case
• Differentiate between step length and stride length
• Review heel rise and the windlass mechanism
• Discuss the function of the long flexors of the toes in gait
• Evaluate pelvic posturing as it relate to a gait case
• Discuss the gait pathomechanics that result from a herniated disc

• Review the pertinent anatomy of the knee
• Review the kinematics and kinetics of knee function during the gait cycle
• View and discuss case studies involving knee function
• Predict pathomechanics that will arise from the gait abnormalities presented
• Propose remedies for the gait abnormalities seen

• Review the pertinent anatomy of the hip
• Review the kinematics and kinetics of hip function during the gait cycle
• View and discuss case studies involving hip function and common clinical scenarios
• Predict pathomechanics that will arise from the gait abnormalities presented
• Propose remedies for the gait abnormalities seen

• Review the walking gait cycle
• Review the running gait cycle
• Identify the key differences between walking and running gait
• Review the kinematics and kinetic differences between walking and running gait
• View case studies involving different walking and running gait styles
• Predict pathomechanics that may arise from gait abnormalities presented

• Review anatomical vs functional short leg
• Review the kinematics and kinetics of the short leg during the gait cycle
• View and discuss case studies looking at functional and anatomical short legs
• Predict pathomechanics that will arise from a short leg
• Propose remedies for the gait abnormalities seen

• Review fore foot to rearfoot relationships
• Review the different rear foot types
• Review the kinematics and kinetics of rear foot function during the gait cycle
• View and discuss case studies involving different rear foot types
• Predict pathomechanics that will arise from gait abnormalities presented
• Propose remedies for the gait abnormalities seen

• Breakdown the gait cycle into its component parts
• Recognize some less common gait abnormalities seen in gait analysis
• Assess actions of the lower kinetic chain during gait
• Predict pathomechanics that will arise from gait abnormalities presented

• Review how to determine foot type
• Describe and identify the five common foot types
• Explain how foot type effects gait biomechanics
• Compare and contrast different clinical examples of each foot type
• Discuss some treatments that can be utilized when a client presents with a particular foot type

• Briefly describe the history of the pedograph
• Compare pedographs with other technologies available for foot imprinting
• Explain how to obtain a reproducible pedograph
• Discuss pedograph interpretation and what it means clinically

• Discuss retraining CNS sensory and motor patterns
• Present several key concepts in visual gait analysis
• Introduce lesser known anatomical points of interest in the sacroiliac joint
• Discuss some rehabilitation strategies for the sacroiliac joint
• Discuss the ideal kinetics and kinematics of the walking gait cycle
• Present the normal lower extremity parameters/ontogeny surrounding the requisites for gait
• Explore the impact of lower extremity torsions on foot progression angle
• Highlight the differences between tibial and femoral leg length discrepancies
• View video examples of different aspects of gait
• Review the mechanics of the bridge exercise
• Discuss the current indexed literature surrounding the bridge exercise
• Describe potential pitfalls in performing and prescribing the bridge exercise
• Point out the differences of maintaining a "neutral spine" versus an increased or decreased lumbar lordosis
• Identify potential ways to correct faulty mechanics and optimize performance of the bridge exercise
• describe a new, novel test to diagnose gluteus medius tears
• explain the various functions of the gluteus maximus and medius
• explore the effects of a resistance band around the knees on the gluteus maximus, quadricep and valgus angles on the knees during a back barbell squat
• contrast gluteus medius resistance and rehabilitation exercises with respect to maximal recruitment
• discuss electromyographic activity in the gluteus medius, gluteus maximus, biceps femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis and rectus femoris during the Monopodal Squat, Forward Lunge and Lateral Step-Up exercises

• Identify the purpose of professional boundaries
• Differentiate between boundary violations and boundary crossings
• Identify the various factors related to dual relationships
• Identify issues related to bartering, gifts and boundaries

• Recognize the challenges of social networking and boundaries
• Evaluate issues specific to boundaries
• Clarify guidelines for maintaining professional boundaries
• Reflect on the maintenance of professional boundaries

• Describe the biomechanics of rotation of a thoracic ring at the levels T1-T7.
• Describe the biomechanics of the Cervical spine, Thoracic spine, ribs, clavicle and manubrium with elevation of the right or left shoulder.
• Describe the biomechanics of flexion and extension at the Costotransverse joint at T9.
• Describe the differences in motion of the mobile segments between T3 -T7 with side flexion occurring first in the Thoracic spine.

• Describe the physiology of breathing and how altered pH can affect the body.
• Describe two functions of the diaphragm.
• Identify limited chest expansion and Bradcliff angles and ski jumps
• Identify limited lateral costal breathing and how to facilitate normal lateral costal breathing

• Describe how altered breathing patterns can alter pH and how this can affect the body.
• Describe the autonomic nervous system and function.
• Name three physiological consequences of respiratory alkalosis.
• Describe suboptimal breathing patterns and their effect on the cervical spine and chronic pain.

• Name and describe the different types of sleep apnea.
• Describe the three levels of Apnea-hypopnea index AHI.
• List five symptoms of sleep apnea.
• List two treatments for sleep apnea.

• Describe the physiological response of aerobic exercise on the respiratory system.
• Describe the effect of running on the viscera and the diaphragm.
• Describe the response to inspiratory muscle fatigue on the body.
• List one device than may increase endurance of the respiratory muscles.

• Describe the anatomical structure of the diaphragm including innervation and blood supply.
• List four causes that may damage the innervation to the diaphragm and effect normal function.
• Describe the factors involved in Intensive Care Unit Acquired Weakness.
• Be able to describe the pros and cons of early mobilization in the ICU.

• Outline the most commonly encountered neurological complaints of pregnancy that a D.C. might encounter in practice
• Differentiate between similar complaints to establish best course of care
• Modify normal practices, techniques and methods to accommodate for the biomechanical changes of the pregnancy patient
• Integrate other palliative therapies to relieve these complaints
• Analyze and adjust according to the complaint and concomitant exam findings

• Outline eight commonly encountered complaints of pregnancy that a DC might encounter in practice
• Differentiate between similar complaints to establish best course of care
• Understand the various causes of each complaint and how to address these causes
• Integrate other palliative therapies to relieve these complaints
• Analyze and adjust according to the complaint and concomitant exam findings

• Outline the most common herbal and homeopathic remedies that may be useful to a DC who cares for pregnant patients
• Differentiate between helpful remedies and those contraindicated for use during pregnancy
• How and when to successfully integrate these palliative therapies to relieve common complaints of pregnancy
• Recognize the basics of homeopathy, why and how it works, how to administer remedies and proper use and storage of remedies
• Generalize the use and need for these remedies to accommodate the special needs and concerns of the pregnancy patient

• Outline necessary dietary requirements for the mother to be
• Differentiate between safe and unsafe exercises that can be recommended to the expectant mother
• Give examples of safe exercise practices to the pregnant patient
• Identify the normal and customary weight gain during a healthy pregnancy
• Offer dietary recommendations and healthy food choices to the pregnant patient

• Identify the most common birth trauma(s) to a newborn
• Assess the biomechanics of the pregnant pelvis
• Recognize how certain maternal pelvic misalignments can lead to increased incidence of various birth traumas
• Modify adjustive techniques and methods to better care for the pregnant patient
• Reduce the prevalence of certain birth traumas due to distortions and misalignments in the maternal pelvis

• Identify the most common medical tests and procedures performed on pregnant and laboring women
• Recognize the risks of these tests and procedures
• Assess the benefits of these tests and procedures
• Effectively explain these risks and benefits to the pregnant patient
• Assist in the preparation of a well thought out and defined birth plan for the pregnant patient

• Outline commonly encountered misalignment and/or subluxation patterns that present with a breech presentation
• Outline commonly encountered misalignment and/or subluxation patterns that present with various common complaints of pregnancy
• Identify the various causes of a breech presentation and how to address these causes
• Integrate or eliminate other palliative therapies to aid in the reversal of a breech presentation and common complaints of pregnancy
• Analyze and adjust according to the patient history and concomitant exam findings

Hour 1 and 2

• Describe the components of the core and the function of the core.
• Describe the function of the diaphragm as it relates to posture, muscular relationships and stability of the spine.
• Describe the function and structure of the superficial muscle system of the body.
• Describe two concepts of spinal stability. 

Hour 3

• Demonstrate how to determine the length of quadratus lumborum and erector spinae. 
• Demonstrate how to evaluate Transversus abdominus function
• Demonstrate how to facilitate the core and initiate a core training program

Hour 4

• List three pathologies related to less than optimal core function.
• Describe three postural strategies that the patient may develop when the core is in dysfunction.
• Describe how weakness of the abdominals can alter diaphragm contractions.
• Explain how respiratory fatigue can alter core control.

• Comprehend basic diagnostic ultrasound terminologies and definitions. 
• Outline general diagnostic ultrasound equipment and image formation. 
• Identify the normal sonographic appearance of muscle, tendon, ligament, bone, nerve and cartilage. 
• Identify sonographic artifacts. 
• Utilize diagnostic ultrasound in the assessments and diagnosis of common musculoskeletal conditions. 

• Comprehend basic diagnostic ultrasound terminologies and definitions. 
• Outline general diagnostic ultrasound equipment and image formation. 
• Identify the normal sonographic appearance of muscle, tendon, ligament, bone, nerve and cartilage. 
• Identify sonographic artifacts. 
• Utilize diagnostic ultrasound in the assessments and diagnosis of common musculoskeletal conditions. 
• Review normal anatomy of the shoulder 
• Discuss the ultrasound examination scanning techniques of the shoulder 
• Recognize normal sonographic anatomy of the shoulder 
• List the complete standard sonographic protocol of the shoulder 
• Distinguish abnormal sonographic findings and pathologies of the shoulder 
• Review normal anatomy of the ankle
• Discuss the ultrasound examination scanning techniques of the ankle
• Recognize normal sonographic anatomy of the ankle
• List the complete standard sonographic protocol of the ankle
• Distinguish abnormal sonographic findings and pathologies of the ankle
• Review normal anatomy of the knee
• Discuss the ultrasound examination scanning techniques of the knee
• Recognize normal sonographic anatomy of the knee
• List the complete standard sonographic protocol of the knee
• Distinguish abnormal sonographic findings and pathologies of the knee

• Define and recognize common procedures that may be deemed unproven, investigational or experimental
• Determine how individual state boards and payers view these various treatments
• Recognize guidance or rulings from state boards that dictate the need for informed consent
• Properly document the procedures in the medical record
• Apply correct coding to describe the procedure provided
• Personalize a sample Consent to Treat for the procedure provided

• Awareness of the value of orderly documentation to you and others
• Ability to duplicate key documentation components that auditors and reviewers expect
• Steps necessary to address how poor documentation can turn a simple record review into a full audit
• Ability to identify commonly missed links connecting documentation to treatment

• Demonstrate the importance of communicating in an ethical manner and what that entails
• Develop an understanding of what 'spin' is, why it is unethical and how to monitor and minimize/stop it
• Evaluate the barriers to effective and ethical communication
• Develop an understanding of exactly what takes place/needs to take place during the provider/client interaction
• Discover what it is that patients want from their visits to a provider
• Appraise how to deal with challenging clients and situations
• Discover how to become a skilled helper by studying the tools of communication
• Apply listening skills to the provider's repertoire
• Demonstrate the importance of the impact of nonverbal communication on the caregiver/client relationship
• Develop, analyze and apply the verbal and nonverbal skills that will help to gather information and support the patient effectively
• Write an Ethical Communication Protocol (EPC) for your practice

• Recall Key Components of the FAA BasicMed regulation
• Assess Pilots for FAA BasicMed medical exam eligibility
• Aid Pilots with medical conditions to fly under the BasicMed program
• Determine pilot flight safety using BasicMed
• Recognize medication classifications that may be a risk to safety
• Identify disqualifying medical conditions
• Identify FAA Recommended Aeromedical Resources
• Recall BasicMed eligible aircraft and flight restrictions

• Comprehend Florida Board of Chiropractic Medicine Rules Chapter 64B2 and statutes 456 and 460
• Apply Florida Board of Chiropractic Medicine Rules and Statute to your clinical practice
• Reduce potential risk exposures that may lead to complaints by the public and/or actions being taken against you by the Chiropractic Board
• Engage in practice by per the Florida Board of Chiropractic Medicine Rules

• Summarize the effect of exercise on wound healing in older adults
• Discuss the relationship between trunk muscle composition and functional capacity
• Assess the effects of high-intensity strength training on balance
• Describe a study that examines the reliability and validity of a new steadiness measure
• Assess the effect of an endurance exercise program on depression, anxiety and quality of life

• Summarize the concept of mitochondrial degeneration
• Discuss the free-radical mitochondrial theory of aging and the susceptibility of the brain to oxidative stress
• Assess the relationship between mitochondrial decay and age-related neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD)
• Illustrate the array of mitochondrial nutrients and the various vitamins that may improve mitochondrial function

• Breakdown the biomechanical processes of spinal degeneration
• Explain the biochemical processes that occur in the geriatric population in 
• Differentiate between various diagnosis of structural and chemical conditions seen in geriatric patients
• Analyze the radiological findings and how they influence clinical decisions
• Explain Syndrome X and how it affects physiology
• Differentiate trauma and its late effects on the body

Hour 1

• Describe psychoneuroimmunology and its application to clinical diagnosis of geriatric patients
• Apply psychoneuroimmunology to activities of daily living

Hour 2

• Differentiate clinical approaches to managing psychoneuroimmunology
• Measure clinical treatment outcomes

Hour 3

• Relate what factors contribute to this field in the elderly patient
• Incorporate hormonal balancing with nutrition in clinical treatment plans for Chiropractic Patients

• Implement nutrients that promote spinal and joint function to obtain positive clinical outcomes
• Explain Ph., alkalinity and acidity as it impacts the physiology of the body in regards to healing
• Categorize toxins in the environment that create clinical presentations of  geriatric patients clinical care
• Utilize vitamins herbals and supplements to augment patients’ care
• Factor nutritional aspects of protein, fats and carbs into clinical treatment plans to improve healing
• Create treatment goals and nutritional plans

• Assess various treatment modalities
• Implement treatment protocols as found in the latest research
• Progress patients to incorporate wellness into their lifestyle
• Perform postural evaluations and discuss clinical significance to the patient
• Appropriately factor radiographic findings into diagnosis and clinical decision making of the geriatric patient
• Examine physical findings and set specific and measurable patient treatment goals

• Discuss ethical standards of insurance reporting and coding
• Define the Problem Oriented Medical Record (POMR)
• Describe the P.A.R.T. format of documentation
• Define the P of P.A.R.T. from Centers for Medicare/Medicaid Services
• Define the A of P.A.R.T. from Centers for Medicare/Medicaid Services
• Demonstrate the POMR and the P and A of P.A.R.T. formats for the initial patient encounter
• Describe the concept of outcome assessments in clinical practice
• Distinguish between subjective and objective outcome assessments Illustrate methods of proving medical necessity
• Develop a strategy to justify treatment

• Define the R of P.A.R.T. from Centers for Medicare/Medicaid Services
• Illustrate the different methods of evaluating spinal range of motion
• Define the T of P.A.R.T. from Centers for Medicare/Medicaid Services
• Describe the timing of the first re-exam
• Demonstrate proper coding for range of motion measurements
• Illustrate different outcome assessments for the T of P.A.R.T
• Demonstrate the POMR and P.A.R.T. formats for the initial patient encounter
• Integrate the POMR and P.A.R.T. formats for subsequent patient encounters
• Define proper Assessments
• Illustrate the two types of Plan
• Demonstrate proper documentation for timed codes
• Define the short, moderate and long-term diagnoses for Medicare

• Illustrate the important diagnoses for personal injury cases
• Define the 5 Colossus prognoses
• Demonstrate the 5 grades of injury severity for the Croft Guidelines for the Treatment of CAD Injuries
• Illustrate the Croft Treatment Guidelines
• Discuss the complicating factors for the Croft Guidelines
• Define the critical points for documentation of personal injury cases
• Discuss the concepts that personal injury attorneys look for in our documentation

• Explain the three phases of healing for non-cancerous tissue, and examine the physiology of heat and ice therapies
• Outline the differences in tissue type and healing times between strains and sprains
• Contrast the differences between NSAIDS and corticosteroids, including their side-effects and lasting effects on the body
• Discuss the side effects and precautions pertinent to manual therapists for analgesic and anti-inflammatory medications
• Classify the pharmaceuticals that act on the central nervous system to control pain, inflammation, circulation, and the immune response, defining specific precautions pertinent to the profession

• Define and describe Human Trafficking
• Cite national and state statistics on Human Trafficking and discuss where it occurs
• List 3 types of Human Trafficking and differentiate between sex trafficking and labor trafficking
• List and describe 5 indicators for identifying a victim of Human Trafficking
• State how to report a case of Human Trafficking
• List 5 resources that are available to victims of Human Trafficking

• Integrate infection, evolution, immunity, inflammation, fibrosis, blood flow, mitochondria, ATP, oxidative stress, and DNA.
• Integrate mechanical integrity in gravity, weight, load, levers, posture, mechanoreception, mechanotransduction, mechanobiology, tensegrity, neurology, blood flow, and DNA.
• Justify high vegetable, low lectin, low glycemic dietary habits, and their influence on physiology.
• Summarize problems with refined carbohydrates, monosodium glutamate, aspartame, and chemical toxins.
• Support high intensity interval training, weight lifting, brain derived neurotrophic factor, human growth hormone, and interleukin-10.
• Explain the biphasic nature of laser photon therapy, wavelength, frequency, speed of light, fluence, penetration, secondary and primary physiological influences.
• Develop the relationship between mitochondria, free radicals, ATP, cytochrome c oxidase enzyme, and laser photon therapy
• Justify why all people need between 5-8 different supplements and explain why.
• Diagram a protocol for influencing immunology and the brain through the intestinal tract; integrating the vagus nerve and the nucleus tractus solitarius.
• Integrate a protocol for brain function that discusses trauma, degenerative, and vascular compromise.
• Demonstrate a protocol for chronic low back pain that integrates the intervertebral disc, posture, mechanics, exercise, and laser therapy.
• Support a protocol for acute whiplash that includes applying controlled motion and anti-inflammation strategies.
• Apply a protocol for remodeling scar tissue and the fibrosis of repair.

• Review common conditions and how low-level laser affects treatment outcome
• Describe the Opioid Epidemic
• Discuss Low Level Laser Therapy FDA Clearances
• Analyze FDA Study details and research validation
• Perform myotome Testing - Neck and Shoulder 
• Utilize 635 nm red correction
• Perform Myotome Testing - Neck and Shoulder
• Utilitze 405 nm FDA Clearance correction
• Utilize 405 nm identifying hidden weaknesses
• Demonstrate Soft tissue/percussion - Neck and Shoulder
• Explain laser physics at a cellular level
• Perform myotome Testing - Low Back 
• Utilize 635 nm red correction
• Demonstrate Soft tissue/percussion - Lower back
• Discuss Low Level Laser Therapy FDA Clearance Plantar Fasciitis
• Utilize rehabilitation - Slant Board / Calf Master
• Identify normal vs abnormal length and strengthen the low physical capacity related to foot/knee symptoms of the patient
• Recite PubMed studies in regard to the health benefits of scoring and improving structure and soft tissue
• Examine how your physical capacity score predicts Activities of Daily Living and health outcomes
• Discuss a neuro-mechanical treatment approach
• Provide nutritional support for your patients

• Contrast benefits of non‐thermal versus thermal lasers     
• Discuss the history and method of action of non‐thermal lasers         
• Distinguish the unique benefits of non‐thermal violet lasers     
• Demonstrate the easy of using non-thermal lasers           
• Utilize basic applied clinical nutrition information to support the foundation  for healing in patients   
• Explain the 4 keystones of health     
• Identify digestive dysfunction and create a plan for correction     
• Assess acid reflux and hypochlorhydria
• Review the importance of gallbladder function in liver detoxification   
• Outline the basics of leaky gut   
• Explore the cascade of poor health   
• Integrate clinical tips and suggestions        
• Recognize the opportunity of when to use non‐thermal laser therapy and  which conditions respond best to it     
• Review non‐thermal laser techniques for resolving immune, pain, brain and  organ system presentations   
• Discuss multiple non‐thermal laser therapy applications          
• Determine whether to treat empirically or test    
• Interpret basic laboratory values using functional levels   
• Selecting from the specialty lab test options for objective feedback and to  target treatment plans     
• Integrate non‐thermal laser therapy with acupuncture treatments for  exponential patient outcomes   
• Perform non‐thermal laser treatments for FDA cleared conditions and  successful therapies for conditions not yet formally studied    
• Demonstrate using non‐thermal laser for immune system strengthening and  faster infection resolution      
• Apply non‐thermal laser techniques to balance energy or emotional centers  of patients to enhance acupuncture treatments

• Summarize optimal treatment parameters of low level lasers
• Outline at least 3 major physiological effects that low level lasers have on the human body
• Describe the 4 major pathophysiological changes in degeneration
• Identify lab markers that can be used to assess the integrity of tight junction barriers
• Give examples of nutrition and other factors that may damage barrier systems
• Recognize how low level laser can directly and indirectly the body
• Integrating basic neurology and low level laser applications to support normal adaptive physiology for common disorders
• Discuss how low level laser can be used to affect physiological and biological effects in the body
• Describe pain from peripheral and central mechanisms. 
• Specify how to use low level lasers for chronic pain management for low back pain
• Summarize base low level laser protocols

• Identify the principles of photobiomodulation
• Discuss the ability of the body to repair itself
• Explain the scope of non-thermal low-level laser
• Summarize the action the laser has at a chemical level
• Explain Medawar’s Hypothesis and Kirkwood’s addition to it
• How Non-Thermal Low-Level Laser Therapy helps maintain a healthy life
• Classify different ways of using Non-Thermal Low-Level Laser Therapy
• Outline the research about Non-Thermal Low-Level Laser Therapy
• Summarize the areas that Non-Thermal Low-Level Laser Therapy is used in
• Discuss the differences between 405, 532, and 635nm Non-Thermal Low-Level Laser Therapy
• Give Examples of the immunological benefits of treatment
• Relate the of 405, 635 nm combo in tissue healing
• Explain the differences between Non-Thermal Low-Level Laser Therapy, Hot Laser and LED
• State the uses and effects of hot laser
• Indicate the benefits of LED
• Assess the science behind Non-Thermal Low-Level Laser Therapy
• Apply Non-Thermal Low-Level Laser Therapy

• Identify the common threads of most health challenges that patients are currently presenting with in our offices.
• Examine the facets and protocols that are most effective for mitochondrial dysfunction, systemic inflammation, and chronic pain syndromes.
• Apply practical applications of Low Level Laser Therapy or photobiomodulation for the improvement of mitochondrial dysfunction, reducing systemic inflammatory cascades, and improving overall quality of life.
• Integrate the most researched skill sets and protocols to achieve powerful results.
• Test inflammatory markers to determine proper treatment protocols and efficacy.
• Compare the level of weakness for brachial and lumbar plexus before and after treatments.
• Measure the degree of neuroinflammation and its impact on cerebellar function with the sway test.
• Assess cognitive decline accurately with Montreal cognitive assessment form and specific lab
• Application of Low Level Laser Therapy to chronic pain syndromes of the plantar fascia.
• Solve the issue of chronic pain with FDA approved Low Level Laser Therapy
• Predict the recovery time for specific conditions for treatment plan accuracy.
• Utilize and blend these proven methods to take your confidence and clinical outcomes to a higher level.

• Recognize areas of risk and liability within Personal Injury cases
• Identify common med-legal concerns
• Recognize various important components associated with the Personal Injury history
• Improve the accuracy and thoroughness of the initial Personal Injury history
• Examine and document common Personal Injury traumatic injuries 
• Create a plan to minimize patient risk and improve provider outcomes
• Recognize the versatility and benefits of low level laser therapy for musculoskeletal injuries  
• Develop clinical protocols for low lever laser application and documentation for musculoskeletal injuries  
• Recognize conditions, injuries and symptoms requiring advanced imaging 
• Apply diagnostics and humanize trauma cases
• Discover the importance and relevance of Personal Injury case management 
• Identify opportunities for improved clinical decision making and case management

• Summarize the differences between the effects of 635 nm laser and 405 nm laser
• Illustrate effective protocols with the laser and exercises to support each condition
• Discuss case studies to demonstrate potential therapeutic outcomes
• Summarize the results of the level 1, double blind study that showed the effectiveness of class 2 635 nm for chronic pain and inflammation
• Discuss how inflammation can lead to many chronic musculoskeletal conditions that affect people in the United States
• Use lab testing to identify inflammation
• Illustrate treatment applications and contraindications
• Identify the conditions that respond to laser therapy for support, the research that supports them, and to identify which conditions are either not supported with laser therapy or are contraindicated
• Aggregate which class of lasers can be used for support and which are contraindicated
• Generate a treatment plan with lasers for different musculoskeletal conditions
• Categorize the negative impacts of scar tissue on range of motion, pain, and function
• Classify which conditions are contraindications and which types of lasers are contraindicated 
• Summarize the changes that occur in scar tissue and when movement of tissue or a joint triggers pain for a prolonged period
• Apply low level laser to musculoskeletal injuries that respond well to low level laser
• Summarize the studies that have been published on PubMed for these conditions being supported with lasers
• Set up methods and treatment protocols for several conditions
• Summarize the studies that showed improvement from laser therapy in performance metrics like muscle strength, endurance, and recovery
• Comprehend the studies that show a 25 to 35% faster recovery for several sports injuries and auto accident injuries when laser therapy is applied
• Use laser therapy with athletes in the office both for injuries and for performance enhancement by rehabilitating their balance and coordination with lasers

Hour 1

• Breakdown the implications of inflammation on epigenetics and relate inflammation to genetic damage and musculoskeletal disease.
• Develop a plan for clinical anti-inflammatory protocols

Hour 2

• Interpret blood chemistry markers related to inflammation, and translate into laymen’s terms for patient understanding.
• Devise office strategies for obtaining blood chemistry markers, delivering the report of findings to the patient
• Discuss the physiological mechanisms of the gut-brain axis, distinguish the molecular players in gut-brain axis syndromes, and identify behavioral modifications and nutritional therapies
• Demonstrate knowledge of calcium ions as an egregious free radicals

Hour 3

• Identify blood chemistry markers
• Differentiate between different classes of lasers, Class I, II, IIIA, IIIB, and IV lasers, and outline the therapeutic effects of each

Hour 4

• Explain the difference between nIR and fIR saunas, and identify key physiological mechanisms
• Discuss Low Level Laser Therapy wavelengths as they pertain to various upregulation of metabolic functions, and integrate into the health of the body.
• Differentiate between Class 1, Class 2, Class 3R, Class 3B, and Class 4 lasers, and determine proper clinical application of each laser
• Develop plans to calculate Joules of output for various lasers using physics, and demonstrate fundamental understanding of laser frequency output to address various clinical cases.

Hour 5

• Discuss Clinical Cases and outcomes citing specific patient histories and medical studies from the National Institute of Health and PubMed.com; integrate these ideas and extrapolate health plans into current clinical situations.
• Discuss how low level laser therapy affects the body
• Discuss supplementation and integrate effective neuroprotective supplementation protocols in a clinical setting based on the work of the world’s best universities’ studies

Hour 6

• Outline the basic types of intermittent fasting, relate to patient goals as determined in nutritional consultations, and design intermittent fasting protocols for clinical settings.
• Summarize the concepts of ketosis, brain energy utilization, and neuroprotection; relate to medium-chain triglyceride consumption.

• Recognize lumbar disc signs and symptoms.
• Differentiate disc prolapse from disc extrusion.
• Identify anatomical structures related to lumbar disc conditions.
• Describe neuro-muscular physiology as it relates to disc injuries.
• Determine appropriate exam procedures for diagnosing disc conditions.
• Assess static range of motion coupled with cross-plane evaluation.
• Analyze dynamic joint motion using outcome-based assessment tools.
• Interpret manual muscle testing using eccentric break testing protocols.
• Grade muscle tone and discover muscle palpation techniques.
• Interpret neurological tests to determine levels of disc involvement.
• Design treatment plans based on exam findings.
• Apply manual manipulation techniques to address the lumbo-pelvic joint lesions.
• Demonstrate manual methods to reduce abdominal and pelvic muscular dysfunction.
• Create new muscle memory patterns to correct chronic conditions.
• Compare pre- and post- treatment findings to support care plans.

• Discuss different types of lumbar stretching and their effects.
• Define therapeutic stretching goals, protocols and precautions for the lumbar spine.
• Measure lumbar pain, agility and joint crepitus associated with therapeutic stretching.
• Apply lumbo-pelvic circumduction training to improve disc related joint mobility.
• Integrate PreActive therapeutic stretching techniques to reduce lumbo-pelvic muscle tension.
• Devise strengthening protocols for the lumbo-pelvic region using graduated isometric protocols.
• Discuss mobility during lumbar traction to reduce disc pressure.
• Compare static traction versus dynamic traction.
• Define contra-indications for decompression therapy of the lumbar spine.
• Apply appropriate lumbar decompression therapy to various patient populations.
• Demonstrate lumbar mobility training exercises used to enhance decompression effectiveness.
• Justify reimbursement through accurate documentation of lumbar disc treatment progression.
• Diagnose lumbar disc conditions with clarity.
• Select outcome-based assessment tools to monitor patient progress.
• Illustrate lumbar range of motion and muscle testing deficiencies concisely.
• Summarize patient status for lumbar mobility, crepitus and pain intensity.

• Recognize concussion signs and symptoms.
• Differentiate concussion grades.
• Identify anatomical structures related to concussions.
• Describe pathophysiology as it relates to concussions.
• Determine appropriate exam procedures for diagnosing concussions.
• Apply diagnostic skills to on-field and clinic settings.
• Interpret diagnostic tests to evaluate concussion progress.
• Design treatment plans based on exam findings.
• Demonstrate manual manipulation techniques to address concussion symptoms.
• Compare pre- and post-treatment findings to support care plans.

• Discuss neurophysiology of musculoskeletal dysfunction.
• Create new memory patterns to restore neuromascular integration.
• Demonstrate manual methods to reduce muscular dysfunction.
• Address cranial nerve lesions with manipulation techniques.
• Introduce the half-somersault maneuver for vertigo relief.

• NOTE: Recommend taking Management of Common Conditions 203 prior to taking this course.

• Recognize cervical disc signs and symptoms.
• Differentiate disc prolapse from disc extrusion.
• Identify anatomical structures related to cervical disc conditions.
• Describe neuro-muscular physiology as it relates to disc injuries.
• Determine appropriate exam procedures for diagnosing disc conditions.
• Assess static range of motion coupled with cross-plane evaluation.
• Analyze dynamic joint motion using outcome-based assessment tools.
• Interpret manual muscle testing using eccentric break testing protocols.
• Develop muscle palpation skills and grade muscle tonicity.
• Interpret neurological tests to determine levels of disc involvement.
• Design treatment plans based on exam findings.
• Apply manual manipulation techniques to address the cervical joint lesions.
• Demonstrate manual methods to reduce cervical muscular dysfunction.
• Create new muscle memory patterns to correct chronic conditions.
• Compare pre- and post-treatment findings to support care plans.

• Discuss different types of cervical stretching and their effects.
• Define therapeutic stretching goals, protocols and precautions for the cervical spine.
• Measure cervical pain, agility and joint crepitus associated with therapeutic stretching.
• Integrate PreActive therapeutic stretching techniques to reduce cervical muscle tension and improve disc related joint mobility.
• Devise strengthening protocols for the cervical region using graduated isometric protocols.
• Discuss cervical mobility during traction to reduce disc pressure.
• Compare static traction versus dynamic traction of the cervical spine.
• Define contra-indications for cervical decompression therapy.
• Apply appropriate cervical decompression therapy to various patient populations.
• Demonstrate cervical mobility training exercises used to enhance decompression effectiveness.
• Justify reimbursement through accurate documentation of cervical disc treatment progression.
• Diagnose cervical disc conditions with clarity.
• Select outcome-based assessment tools to monitor patient progress for cervical conditions.
• Illustrate cervical range of motion and muscle testing deficiencies concisely.
• Summarize patient status for cervical mobility, crepitus and pain intensity.

• Discuss the specific pattern of contracted and weak muscles found with Pelvic Crossed Syndrome.
• Discern the effects on the spine and pelvis from the spastic and weak muscle pattern.
• Apply modalities and manual methods to treat weak and contracted muscles.
• Rehabilitate weak and atrophied muscles using stretching and exercise.
• Determine spinal and pelvic effects of the abnormal muscular patterns found with Pelvic Crossed Syndrome and apply treatment protocol.

• Discuss the histological features of Scoliosis
• Discern Structural vs. Functional Scoliosis and their primary causes
• Coordinate treatment protocols to cervical, thoracic and lumbopelvic spine, rib cage and scapula for Scoliosis curvature
• Utilize modalities and soft tissue treatment methods to address functional changes resulting in a Scoliosis curvature
• Advise the Scoliosis patient in effective methods of stretching and exercise

• Discuss the specific pattern of contracted and weak muscles found with Shoulder Crossed Syndrome.
• Discern the effects on the spine, upper extremity and pelvis from the spastic and weak muscle pattern.
• Apply modalities and manual methods to treat weak and contracted muscles.
• Rehabilitate weak and atrophied muscles using stretching and exercise.
• Determine spinal, extraspinal and pelvic effects of the abnormal muscular patterns found with Shoulder Crossed Syndrome and apply treatment protocol.

• Discuss the specific pattern of fibrosis development around and within the glenohumeral joint found with Adhesive Capsulitis.
• Discern the effects of the fibrosis and adhesions on the glenohumeral joint and associated soft tissues.
• Understand the rules of treatment specific to Adhesive Capsulitis.
• Apply modalities and manual methods to treat fibrosis and adhesions in the soft tissue structures around and within the glenohumeral joint as well as associated contracted muscle tissue.
• Rehabilitate weak and atrophied muscles using stretching, exercise and modalities.

• Summarize applications for muscle strength testing
• Identify potential causes of abnormal findings
• Define generic procedures to use when performing manual muscle strength tests
• Grade muscle strength tests using standardized measurement scales
• Create and revise muscle strength tests utilizing your knowledge of anatomy plus techniques of muscle isolation and contraction limits

• Summarize manual muscle strength testing: purposes; procedures; and grading.
• Describe origins, insertions, actions, athletic activities and common clinical conditions involved with the medial and lateral stabilizing muscles of the ankles and knees.
• Apply knowledge of anatomy to refine vectors of force and other procedures involved in performing manual strength tests for muscles of the ankles & knees.
• Manually measure strength of the medial and lateral stabilizing muscles of the ankles and knees.
• Interpret the significance of the results for the manual strength tests of the stabilizing muscles of the ankles and knees.

• Summarize manual muscle strength testing: purposes; procedures; and grading.
• Describe origins, insertions, actions, athletic activities and common clinical conditions involved with seven of the muscles crossing the hips.
• Apply knowledge of anatomy to refine vectors of force and other procedures involved in performing manual strength tests for muscles of the hips.
• Manually measure strength of seven muscles crossing the hip joint.
• Interpret the clinical and athletic significance of the results for the manual strength tests of the muscles of the hips.

• Summarize manual muscle strength testing: purposes; procedures; and grading.
• Describe origins, insertions, actions, athletic activities and common clinical conditions involved with ten muscles in the anterior and posterior compartments of the thigh.
• Apply knowledge of anatomy to refine vectors of force and other procedures involved in performing manual strength tests for muscles of the thigh.
• Manually measure strength of ten muscles in the anterior and posterior compartments of the thigh.
• Interpret the clinical and athletic significance of abnormal results with manual strength tests of the anterior and posterior muscles of the thigh.

• Summarize manual muscle strength testing: purposes; procedures; and grading.
• Describe origins, insertions, actions, athletic activities and common clinical conditions involved with seven muscles of the thigh adductor and triceps surae groups.
• Apply knowledge of anatomy to refine vectors of force and other procedures involved in performing manual strength tests for these muscles of the thigh and leg.
• Manually measure strength of seven muscles in the thigh adductor and triceps surae groups.
• Interpret the clinical and athletic significance of abnormal results with these manual strength tests of the medial muscles of the thigh and posterior calf.

• Summarize manual muscle strength testing: purposes; procedures; and grading.
• Describe origins, insertions, actions, athletic activities and common clinical conditions involved with ten muscles controlling the digits of the feet.
• Apply knowledge of anatomy to refine vectors of force and other procedures involved in performing manual strength tests for these muscles of the lower limb digits.
• Manually measure strength of ten muscles in the lower limb digits.
• Interpret the clinical and athletic significance of abnormal results with these manual strength tests of the lower limb digits.

• Summarize manual muscle strength testing: purposes; procedures; and grading.
• Describe origins, insertions, standard tests and alternative tests for ten muscles in the lower limb.
• Apply knowledge of anatomy and clinical experience in order to decide when alternative tests would be preferable to standard muscle strength tests and how to refine vectors of force and other testing procedures to accomplish these goals.
• Manually measure strength using 10 alternative procedures.
• Utilize current research findings as evidence to help justify manual muscle strength testing in your practice.

• Define Medical Error
• Discuss Medical Errors in the Context of Other Types of Error
• Illustrate the Scope of the Medical Error Problem
• List Serious Reportable Medical Events
• Define Key Events in the Field of Patient Safety
• Review the Epidemiology of Medical Error
• Describe the Taxonomy of Medical Error
• Identify commonly misdiagnosed conditions
• Identify populations of special vulnerability
• Review Types of Medical Errors
• Discuss Falls and Teamwork/Communication Errors and how to prevent them
• Summarize the following types of medical errors:
  1. medication errors
  2. handoff errors
  3. diagnostic errors
  4. healthcare acquired infections
  5. device associated infections
• List factors that increase the risk of the above medical errors
• Describe strategies to prevent the above medical errors

• Compared and contrast galvanic vestibular stimulation and Tone Burst Vestibular Stimulation in the treatment of the balance impaired patient.
• Apply the polarity specific effects of the anode and cathode on the vestibular system for amelioration of common balance impairments.
• Identify the anatomical location of electrode placement for Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation.
• Create a treatment strategy using Tone Bursts based on physiological pairing of semicircular canals.
• Apply Specific Tone Protocols based on Saccule versus Utricle dysfunction in balance impaired patients.

• Recognize Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) in your chiropractic patients
• Summarize the prevalence in your patient population
• Identify the type of patient that presents with TBI
• Explain why a chiropractor needs to differential diagnose TBI patients
• Compile correlations of TBI inciting factors with your patient presentations
• Demonstrate the pathology that occurs with TBI
• Classify the grades of TBI and discriminate what can be treated conservatively
• Identify the incidence of injuries that commonly cause TBI
• Evaluate the probability of TBI in your patient
• Describe the many different types of evaluations, in the field, in the office and upon referral
• Implement in-office Screening Tools and apply diagnostic criteria
• Identify the risk of post-concussive syndrome
• Detect patients with “Brain Cognitive Reserve”
• Identify Second Impact Syndrome
• Assess the value of MRI
• Identify Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy
• Integrate the current concepts of conservative treatment
• Design Cognitive Rehab
• Provide appropriate patient advice, treatment or referral options

• Define the trophic model
• Describe the pathology of trophic model to your patients
• Apply the trophic model of subluxation into clinical practice
• Detect signs & symptoms that correlate with the trophic model
• Extrapolate the model to patient care, especially maintenance manipulative therapy.

Hour 1

• Identify and recite all components of the neurological examination 
• Outline basic peripheral and central nervous system pathways that are clinically relevant to the bedside (ambulatory) neurological examination.
• Perform an examination of the cranial nerve and somatic motor system, including aspects of strength, tone and volume.

Hour 2

• Perform an examination of the cranial nerve and somatic sensory system, including sensory testing of deep and superficial CNS pathways.
• Perform an examination of the reflex system, including testing of deep, superficial, visceral and pathological reflexes.

Hour 3

• Perform an examination of the movement, balance and coordination systems, including tests of cerebellar function.
• Demonstrate an examination flow and performing tests taking the patient from sitting to standing, to the supine and prone positions.
• Summarize implications of neurological findings for lesions in various parts of the central nervous system.
• Summarize implications of neurological findings for lesions in various parts of the peripheral nervous system.

• Identify the domains of and concepts within motor control
• Outline some research on chiropractic's influence on motor control
• Discuss principles of motor control and rehabilitation applied to practice

• Discuss briefly the relevant brain anatomy and functional neurology with focus on the frontal lobe and motor cortex.
• Describe the anatomy and physiology of the human brain cortex as it relates to the basic tenants of chiropractic and to spinal subluxation.
• Identify key anatomical components of the frontal lobe and motor cortex.
• Discuss some of the pioneers in neuroscience underscoring their individual contributions.
• Draw basic neurological pathways associated with the frontal lobe and motor cortex.
• Relate function of the frontal lobe and motor cortex to various associated disease conditions.

• NOTE:  Recommended to take after Neuro 201-intro and prior to Neuro 201a

• Explore current role of the art and science of clinical neurology for the chiropractor
• Discuss briefly the relevant neurological anatomy and functional neurology
• Describe in detail the anatomy and function of the components of the human skull with attention to aspects which may be important to the chiropractic physician
• Explore the current role of clinical neurology for the practicing chiropractor
• Describe in detail the anatomy and function of the components of the human spine with attention to aspects which may be important to the chiropractic physician

• NOTE:  Recommended to take as first course in 201 series

• Observe a doctor patient encounter where the patient is a paraplegic
• Explore the relevant issues and action protocols involved in acute spinal cord disease
• Evaluate relevant clinical findings
• List the clinical presentations of various complaints and the approach to diagnosis
• Summarize relevant functional neurology of the spinal cord

• Explore current role of the art and science of clinical neurology for the chiropractor
• Discuss relevant neurological anatomy of the spinal cord
• Summarize relevant functional neurology of the spinal cord
• Illustrate the clinical presentation resulting from disease of the various cord areas
• Outline various categories for spinal cord lesions
• Organize findings of spinal cord disease by anatomical location and clinical presentation

• Understand current theories, physiology, and statistics associated with aging
• Identify predisposing lifestyle factors that can cause poor or early aging
• Utilize the gold standard biomarker to assess aging (in addition to other related options)
• Assess which natural anti-aging strategies may be effective for your patients
• Apply new ideas and strategies in contemporary anti-aging science

• Discuss the role of diet in causing and preventing various diseases, particularly chronic diseases.
• Describe methods used to assess nutrition status.
• Explain how dietary recommendations are formulated.
• Incorporate nutritional information into clinical practice and advise patients about eating for optimum health as well as using dietary change as a therapeutic intervention
• Evaluate the benefits and risks of nutritional recommendations for specific health conditions through an analysis of the existing scientific and clinical evidence

Hour 1 - 3

• Discuss the role of diet in causing and preventing various diseases, particularly chronic diseases.
• Describe methods used to assess nutrition status.
• Explain how dietary recommendations are formulated.
• Incorporate nutritional information into clinical practice and advise patients about eating for optimum health as well as using dietary change as a therapeutic intervention
• Evaluate the benefits and risks of nutritional recommendations for specific health conditions through an analysis of the existing scientific and clinical evidence

Hour 4

• Investigate the importance of nutrient deficiencies
• Review the role of essential nutrients in human health
• Analyze the interaction between nutrients and various illnesses
• Ascertain the role herbs have in health and disease
• Understand drug and nutrient interactions

• Investigate the importance of nutrient deficiencies
• Review the role of essential nutrients in human health
• Analyze the interaction between nutrients and various illnesses
• Ascertain the role herbs have in health and disease
• Understand drug and nutrient interactions

• Recognize key nutrition risk factors related to chronic disease
• Collect anthropometric measurements 
• Integrate symptom based questionnaires into nutrition assessment
• Demonstrate a nutrition-focused physical exam
• Perform and Interpret uses of body composition testing
• Interpret basic lab markers relative to nutritional status

• Learn current perspectives on which structures are strongly but variably linked to back pain
• Review the state-of-the art in low back disorders research applied to ergonomics
• Describe workplace design guidelines for asymptomatic and low back pain workers
• Determine the influence of exercise on lumbar spine disorders

• Identify common underlying causes of non-organic pain
• Recognize the eight Waddell signs of non-organic back pain
• Develop a level of knowledge, comprehension, and understanding of the medicolegal system as it relates to Waddell signs
• Encourage development and nurturing of skill sets in utilizing Waddell signs

• Explain the complex multidimensional and individual specific nature of pain
• Present the theories and science for understanding pain
• Define the terminology for describing pain and associated conditions
• Describe the impact of pain on society
• Explain how cultural, institutional, societal and regulatory influences affect assessment and management of pain  
• Use valid and reliable tools for measuring pain and associated symptoms to assess and reassess outcomes as appropriate for the clinical context and population.
• Describe patient, provider, and system factors that can facilitate or interfere with effective pain assessment and management
• Assess patient preferences and values to determine pain-related goals and priorities
• Demonstrate empathetic and compassionate communication during pain assessment

• Demonstrate the inclusion of patient and others, in the education and shared decision-making process for pain care
• Identify treatment options that can be assessed in a comprehensive pain management plan
• Explain how health promotion and self-management strategies are important to the management of pain
• Develop a pain treatment plan based on benefits and risks of available treatments
• Monitor the effects of pain management approaches to adjust the plan of care as needed
• Differentiate physical dependence, substance use disorder, misuse, tolerance, addiction, and nonadherence
• Develop a treatment plan that accounts for the differences between acute pain, acute-on-chronic pain, chronic/persistent pain, and pain at end of life
• Describe the unique pain assessment and management needs of special populations
• Explain how to assess and manage pain across settings and transitions of care
• Describe the role, scope of practice, and contribution of the different professions within a pain management care team
• Implement an individualized pain management plan that integrates the perspectives of patients, their social support systems, and health care providers in the context of available resources
• Describe the role of the clinician as an advocate in assisting patients to meet treatment goals

• Discuss the use of electrotherapy to control pain
• Establish parameters for wobble board rehabilitation of the ankle
• Describe how SI manipulation affects anterior knee pain
• Discuss the use of post-fracture manipulation
• Construct therapeutic exercises for patients with lumbar spinal stenosis

• Identify how the sciatic nerve and adjacent nervous structures respond to tensioning and sliding techniques
• Appraise the potential benefit of adding forward head posture corrective exercise to the management of lumbosacral radiculopathy
• Compare clinical and muscle function outcomes of patients randomized to one of two early multimodal rehabilitation programs following single-level lumbar discectomy
• Analyze the influence of neck strength and muscle activation status on resultant head kinematics after impulsive loading to the head/neck
• Assess the efficacy of corrective exercise interventions for reducing thoracic hyper-kyphosis

• Evaluate the long-term effect of exercise therapy in addition to patient education on a patient’s need for total hip replacement (THR)
• Integrate clinical and laboratory research on the function and assessment of abductor muscles about the hip and pelvis 
• Understand how hip weakness can potentially contribute to knee pain and altered running mechanics
• Outline the nomenclature, definition, diagnosis, imaging and management of inguinal disruption (‘Sportsman’s Groin’) 
• Assess the efficacy of exercise interventions for lateral ankle sprains, Achilles tendinopathy and plantar fasciitis 

• Describe each of the four elements of malpractice
• Differentiate between a bad treatment result and malpractice
• Define Duty, Dereliction of Duty, Direct causation, and Damage
• Search out a case report on-line or in a law library by using the case citation

• Assess limits of state, federal and board authority regarding the prohibition of solicitation of patients by, and on behalf of, chiropractors. 
• Explain distinctions between general marketing and intrusive solicitation, and the reasons for the regulation of each
• Demonstrate how the courts protect businesses’ right to advertise and how they discourage deceptive practices. 
• Distinguish between appropriate and inappropriate/illegal marketing relating to fees and professional services. 
• Examine criminal and civil laws associated with overly aggressive chiropractic advertising.

• Explain the anatomy and functionality of healthy soft tissue components
• Explain the effects of injury on soft tissue
• Define effects of injured soft tissue on functionality of the spine and extremities
• Discuss patterns of musculoskeletal relationships of recruiting other structures after injury and their effects on functionality
• Describe various methods of treatment for dysfunctional soft tissue
• Explain relationship of injured tissue to its surrounding structures, its effects and treatment
• Explain compensation and recruitment of healthy tissue to the broader scope of complications and the effective treatment of primary and now secondary effects of injury
• Describe rehabilitation exercises in relation to proprioception

• Explain the types of soft tissue
• Demonstrate and discuss diagnostic evaluation of soft tissue injury
• Explain pain patterns of neurological injury for differential diagnosis
• Discuss types of soft tissue injuries
• Evaluate soft tissue changes associated with pain
• Discuss the mechanisms of healing soft tissue injuries
• Describe diagnostic tools in determining soft tissue injuries
• Explain the use of ice and heat in soft tissue injuries
• Demonstrate and discuss stretching; passive, active and postfacilitation
• Demonstrate and discuss somatic technique
• Demonstrate and discuss strain/counterstrain
• Demonstrate and discuss friction massage
• Demonstrate and discuss Postisometric relaxation
• Demonstrate and discuss electrical muscle stimulation and ultrasound
• Demonstrate and discuss triggerpoint ultrasound in treatment
• Discuss massage therapy
• Demonstrate and discuss myofascial release
• Demonstrate and discuss active release
• Demonstrate and discuss Neuromuscular Therapy (NMT)
• Discuss cold laser therapy
• Demonstrate and discuss exercise rehabilitation and muscle strengthening
• Discuss mobilization and manipulation

• Explain the structural anatomy of the shoulder and its soft tissue
• Explain the functional anatomy of the shoulder and its soft tissue.
• Demonstrate the active and passive examination of the shoulder and soft tissue.
• Describe pathological conditions of the bony structures, joints, ligaments, tendons, bursa and muscles of the shoulder
• Describe sports injures to the shoulder.
• Describe injuries to the nerves, blood vessels and fascia of the shoulder.
• Demonstrate soft tissue treatments for pathological conditions of the bony structures, joints, ligaments, tendons, bursa and muscles of the shoulder.
• Demonstrate soft tissue treatments for the nerves, blood vessels and fascia of the shoulder.
• Define functional relationships of the shoulder with associated regions

• Discuss current diagnostic tests, risk factors and prognostic factors for Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome
• Identify risk factors for hamstring injury and re-injury
• Summarize the association between foot type and incidence of a variety of lower extremity injuries
• Determine if improvements in passive hip ROM and core endurance result in changes in hip and spine motion during the performance of functional movements
• Indicate which clinical tests have the best accuracy in clinical practice for diagnosing stress fractures

• Describe the biomechanical fundamentals of grip, posture and swing
• Identify golf injuries and golfers’ problems
• Develop protocols of rehab, strength training and adjusting for golfers

• Investigate the anatomical structures strained during the Ober and Modified Ober tests for iliotibial band concerns
• Evaluate the utility of screening tests for predicting injury risk in athletes
• Describe the biomechanics associated with the extensor carpi ulnaris and recognize the variety of pathologies that can affect this structure
• Summarize recommendations for the assessment, diagnosis and management of Femoroacetabular Impingement (FAI)
• Assess whether expert and novice Functional Movement Screen raters can report the same scores

• Determine the epidemiology, etiology and background on obesity
• Assess the theories of obesity development and pathophysiology
• Outline the risks and morbidities related to obesity

• Outline the management of obesity
• Summarize the assessment of obesity for the busy clinician
• Synthesize the literature on the dietary management of obesity
• Discuss the role of exercise and physical fitness in the management of obesity and overweight

• Outline the principles of body composition assessment
• Review the anthropometic measures of body composition
• Discuss the circumference measurements of body composition
• Assess the laboratory and field assessments of body composition

• Outline the definition and components of health and wellness
• Review the dimensions of wellness
• Discuss various models of health and the need for wellness lifestyles
• Outline the publication and goals of Healthy People 2010

• Emphasize the unique anatomy of the cervical spine as related to spinal trauma.
• Point put the importance of the uncinate process joints as related do disc herniation, the nerve root, the vertebral artery, and the spinal cord.
• Explain how cervical spine injury may manifest clinically as low back and leg pain.
• Explain the role for sleep and sleep’s influence on the ability to safely operate a motor vehicle.
• Summarize the influence of sleep on brain neurochemistry.
• Explain the influence of awareness on an impending collision and the muscles ability to protect joints.
• Explain how being “caught by surprise” by a collision is related to a poor prognosis for full recovery.
• Summarize the history of whiplash injuries, including mechanical mechanisms, biological mechanisms, pathology, diagnostics and management.
• Define the issues that the early whiplash literature got wrong.
• Emphasize the issues that early whiplash literature got correct.
• Summarize recent advances in the understanding of whiplash injuries, emphasizing anatomy, diagnostics, pain production and pain suppression.
• Integrate whiplash trauma, chronic pain, and chiropractic care.
• Point out the mathematics of how a low speed vehicle to vehicle collision can result in passenger injury.
• Explain why vehicle damage should not be used as a proxy for passenger injury.
• Integrate the concepts of awareness, rotation, and pre-accident spondylosis in injury magnitude and prognosis.
• Define the three phases of soft tissue healing and point out the time sequence for each phase.
• Justify the clinical interventions that have a positive therapeutic influence on each phase of soft tissue injury healing.
• Emphasize the concept of motion in the healing of injured soft tissues, especially spinal adjusting (specific manipulation) motion.
• Quantify acute injury and ultimate recovery(prognosis) by using measurement outcomes.
• Summarize the biology and published data on treatment frequency and duration for whiplash spinal trauma.
• Point out published studies relating to recovery and prognosis.
• Reference the incidence of acceleration of spondylosis in long-term studies following a whiplash injury.

Hour 1

• Describing common conditions affecting the middle aged adult, including the following: osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, disc herniations, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, and abdominal aortic aneurysms
• Observing diagnostic imaging related to each of the above conditions and determining the best imaging modality to use for the various conditions
• Determining appropriate prevention and ancillary treatments for the discussed conditions

Hour 2

• Analyzing obesity through assessment and intervention
• Discussing breast cancer diagnostic imaging and disease management
• Diagnosing and treating congestive heart failure
• Evaluating diagnosis and treatment options for the osteoporosis patient

• Outline the utility of bone scintigraphy in the pediatric population
• Summarize basic bone physiology & radiopharmaceutical dosing
• Discuss image acquisition and analyze scans for signs of pathology
• Identify common clinical indications for pediatric bone scintigraphy
• Recognize the various imaging phases of bone scintigraphy and their clinical utility

• Differential diagnosis osteopenia and its relevance towards Chiropractic practice
• Identify imaging features of osteopenia
• Recognize ominous features of osteopenia
• Select appropriate chiropractic treatments for the osteoporotic patient

• Identify the risk factors for breast cancer – preventable and non-preventable.
• Determine appropriate diagnostic imaging for screening and breast cancer assessment.
• Investigate different CAM approaches to breast cancer prevention and symptom management.

• In plain film radiographs, identify the orthopedic hardware used to treat femur, humerus, tibia, and radius fractures.
• Discuss special situations for fracture repair, such as osteoporosis, metastasis, pediatrics, and obesity.
• Review various fracture risk assessment tools that can be used in clinical practice.
• Evaluate when various hardware such as screws, nails, and plates are utilized.

• Identifying vertebral characteristic features on plain film for the following diagnoses: Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis, Neurofibromatosis-1, Multiple myeloma, Paget's disease of bone, and vertebral compression fractures.
• Determining what advanced imaging might be warranted for each of the vertebral conditions.
• Describing general features of each condition such as incidence, clinical presentation and treatment options.

• Determine the incidence and the characteristics of different spine pathology.
• Demonstrate, with plain film radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging, characteristics of central nervous system tumors and metastasis, syringomyelia, disc herniation, and trauma.
• Identify clinical features and treatment for various spine pathologies.

• Understand the general features of the inflammatory arthritides
• Discuss the clinical presentation, radiographic features, and chiropractic treatments for Rheumatoid Arthritis
• Discuss the clinical presentation, radiographic features, and chiropractic treatments for Ankylosing Spondylitis
• Compare the two most common inflammatory arthritides – Rheumatoid Arthritis and Ankylosing Spondylitis – to the other diseases in this category
• Compare the inflammatory arthritides to the most common arthritide – osteoarthritis

• Differentiate Rheumatoid Arthritis from Ankylosing Spondylitis, the two most common inflammatory arthritides.
• Differentiate Rheumatoid Arthritis from Erosive Osteoarthritis, both hand arthritides.
• Differentiate Degenerative from Inflammatory arthritis.
• Differentiate Osteoarthritis from Gout, the most common arthritide and the most common metabolic arthritide respectively.